# pyright: basic

from __future__ import annotations

from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from scipy import stats

from .plotting import annotate_stats_box, plots_dir
from .runtime import write_json


def _fit_line(metric: np.ndarray, accuracy: np.ndarray) -> dict[str, float]:
    x = np.asarray(metric, dtype=float)
    y = np.asarray(accuracy, dtype=float)
    if len(y) < 3:
        raise ValueError("Need at least 3 points for linear regression")

    reg = stats.linregress(x, y)
    return {
        "intercept": float(reg.intercept),
        "slope": float(reg.slope),
        "r_value": float(reg.rvalue),
        "p_value": float(reg.pvalue),
        "stderr": float(reg.stderr),
        "r_squared": float(reg.rvalue**2),
    }


def _metric_specs_for_backend(backend: str, df: pd.DataFrame) -> list[tuple[str, str]]:
    specs: list[tuple[str, str]] = []
    if "mean_confidence" in df.columns:
        specs.append(("mean_confidence", "Confidence"))
    elif "mean_model_output_probability" in df.columns:
        # Backward-compatibility fallback for older CSV outputs.
        specs.append(("mean_model_output_probability", "Confidence"))

    if backend == "bayesian" and "mean_predictive_entropy" in df.columns:
        specs.append(("mean_predictive_entropy", "Predictive Uncertainty"))
    elif "mean_std" in df.columns:
        specs.append(("mean_std", "Standard Deviation"))

    return specs


def run_noise_accuracy_uncertainty_analysis(
    noise_df: pd.DataFrame,
    backend: str,
    output_dir: Path,
) -> dict[str, Any]:
    required_cols = ["noise_factor", "accuracy"]
    missing = [c for c in required_cols if c not in noise_df.columns]
    if missing:
        raise KeyError(f"Missing required columns in noise dataframe: {missing}")

    metric_specs = _metric_specs_for_backend(backend, noise_df)
    if not metric_specs:
        raise ValueError("No uncertainty metrics available for correlation analysis")

    plot_path = plots_dir(output_dir) / "noise_accuracy_uncertainty_2d.png"
    stats_rows: list[dict[str, Any]] = []

    fig, axes = plt.subplots(1, len(metric_specs), figsize=(8 * len(metric_specs), 6))
    if len(metric_specs) == 1:
        axes = np.asarray([axes])

    for idx, (metric_col, metric_label) in enumerate(metric_specs, start=1):
        if metric_col not in noise_df.columns:
            continue

        df = noise_df[["noise_factor", metric_col, "accuracy"]].copy()
        df = df.replace([np.inf, -np.inf], np.nan).dropna()
        if len(df) < 4:
            continue

        noise = np.asarray(df["noise_factor"], dtype=float)
        metric = np.asarray(df[metric_col], dtype=float)
        accuracy = np.asarray(df["accuracy"], dtype=float)

        pearson = stats.pearsonr(metric, accuracy)
        fit = _fit_line(metric=metric, accuracy=accuracy)

        stats_rows.append(
            {
                "backend": backend,
                "metric_column": metric_col,
                "metric_label": metric_label,
                "n_points": int(len(df)),
                "pearson_r_metric_vs_accuracy": float(pearson.statistic),
                "p_value_metric_vs_accuracy": float(pearson.pvalue),
                "regression_intercept": float(fit["intercept"]),
                "regression_slope": float(fit["slope"]),
                "regression_slope_stderr": float(fit["stderr"]),
                "regression_r_squared": float(fit["r_squared"]),
            }
        )

        ax = axes[idx - 1]
        scatter = ax.scatter(
            metric,
            accuracy,
            c=noise,
            cmap="viridis",
            s=42,
            edgecolors="none",
        )

        x_line = np.linspace(float(np.min(metric)), float(np.max(metric)), num=200)
        y_line = fit["intercept"] + fit["slope"] * x_line
        ax.plot(x_line, y_line, color="#1f77b4", linewidth=2.0, label="Linear fit")

        ax.set_xlabel(metric_label)
        ax.set_ylabel("Accuracy")
        ax.set_title(f"{backend.title()} - {metric_label} vs Accuracy")
        ax.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
        ax.legend()
        annotate_stats_box(
            ax,
            lines=[
                f"Pearson r = {pearson.statistic:.3f}",
                f"p-value = {pearson.pvalue:.3g}",
                f"R^2 = {fit['r_squared']:.3f}",
            ],
            location="upper left",
        )
        cbar = fig.colorbar(scatter, ax=ax)
        cbar.set_label("Noise Factor")

    fig.tight_layout()
    plot_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
    fig.savefig(plot_path)
    plt.close(fig)

    stats_df = pd.DataFrame(stats_rows)
    stats_csv = output_dir / "noise_accuracy_uncertainty_stats.csv"
    stats_df.to_csv(stats_csv, index=False)

    summary_md = output_dir / "noise_accuracy_uncertainty_summary.md"
    lines = [
        f"# Noise Accuracy-Uncertainty Analysis ({backend})",
        "",
        "This analysis collapses the noise axis and fits a 2D linear relationship between uncertainty metric and accuracy.",
        "Noise factor is encoded as point color in the plot.",
        "",
        "## Metrics",
    ]
    if stats_df.empty:
        lines.append("- No valid metric rows were available for regression.")
    else:
        for _, row in stats_df.iterrows():
            lines.extend(
                [
                    f"- {row['metric_label']}: Pearson r={row['pearson_r_metric_vs_accuracy']:.4f}, p={row['p_value_metric_vs_accuracy']:.4g}",
                    f"  - Regression R^2: {row['regression_r_squared']:.4f}",
                ]
            )

    summary_md.write_text("\n".join(lines), encoding="utf-8")

    payload = {
        "backend": backend,
        "plot": str(plot_path),
        "table": str(stats_csv),
        "summary_markdown": str(summary_md),
        "rows": int(len(stats_df)),
    }
    write_json(output_dir / "noise_accuracy_uncertainty_summary.json", payload)
    return payload